The students first read a passage. They identify any connections they have to the passage. Connections help us understand what we read. From the connections and the text, the students identify the cause. The cause is what happened. The questions words "why" and "how come" help us identify the cause. The effect is identified next. The effect is what happens because of the cause.
Often times, the effect becomes a new cause and has its own effect. Children enjoy finding causes that become effects. It is fun to count the cause and effect chain that some books have. I encourage you to discuss cause and effect, as well as making connections with your child as you read together at home!